The controlling factors and distribution prediction of H2S formation in marine carbonate gas reservoir, China

Generally, there are some anhydrites in carbonate reservoir, as H2S is also familiar in carbonate oil and gas reservoirs. Nowadays, natural gas with high H2S concentration is usually considered as TSR origin, so there is close relationship between H2S and anhydrite. On the contrary, some carbonate rocks with anhydrite do not contain H2S. Recently, researches show that H2S is only a necessary condition of H2S formation. The reservoir porosity, sulfate ion content within formation water, reservoir temperature, oil/gas and water interface, hydrocarbon and some elements of reservoir rock have great controlling effects on the TSR occurrence. TSR deoxidizes hydrocarbon into the acidic gas such as H2S and CO2, and the H2S formation is controlled by TSR occurrence, so the relationship among reaction room, the contact chance of sulfate ion and hydrocarbon, the reservoir temperature has great influence on the TSR reaction. H2S has relatively active chemical quality, so it is still controlled by the content of heavy metal ion. Good conditions of TSR reaction and H2S preservation are the prerequisite of H2S distribu- tion prediction. This paper builds a predictive model based on the characteristic of natural gas reservoir with high H2S-bearing. In the porosity reservoir with anhydrite, the formation water is rich in sulfate and poor in heavy metal ion. Oil and gas fill and accumulate in the gas reservoir with good preservation conditions, and they suffered high temperature later, which indicates the profitable area of natural gas with high H2S-bearing.     

硼对12Ni3CrMoV高强度钢焊接接头冷裂敏感性的影响

低碳调质高强度钢中添加硼对焊接冷裂敏感性的影响较少有人研究,并存在两种不同意见.本文对含硼量分别为0.005%,0.0014%,0.0028%,0.0035%的12Ni3CrMoV调质高强度钢焊接冷裂敏感性进行研究.试验结果表明:1.插销试验临界应力:含硼钢比无硼钢(含硼0.0005%)高;含硼钢中,临界应力按含硼量0.0014%,0.0028%,0.0035%的顺序递减.2.扫描电镜断口分析:无硼钢有沿晶断裂区、准介理断裂区和韧窝断裂区.含硼钢没有沿晶断裂区,只有准介理断裂区和韧窝断裂区.3.焊条未烘干时,无硼和含硼钢的插销临界应力都降低,无硼钢沿晶断裂区扩大,含硼钢仍无沿晶断裂区.4.硼在HAZ粗晶区中沿奥氏体晶界形成偏聚带,硼相主要沿奥氏体晶界呈不连续点状析出.含硼愈多,沿奥氏体晶界偏聚和硼相析出也愈多.5.C.D.Beachem提出的断口形貌发展过程示意图可以解释无硼钢断裂,不能完全解释含硼钢断裂过程.6.裂纹敏感性成分Pcm值表达式中,硼项系数为" 5"值得商榷.就本文钢材而言,硼项函数应为"负变数".本文对含硼钢延迟裂纹机理作了探讨.     

用多剖面法测试焊接接头的断裂韧性

本文用试验测定和理论计算表明,在多剖面法中利用复合试样测定焊接接头断裂韧性时,可测到的HAZ小区与板厚、试样厚度、线能量、预热温度及坡口角度等因素有关,并非总能测出全部小区的δ_(is)值.对提高测试精度的有关技术问题进行了探讨.     

非线性非完整保守系统的稳定准则

本文采用不同于文献[8]的方法,研究了非线性非完整保守系统的稳定性问题,并给出了相应的稳定准则     

岩芯筒压入地层的塑性力学问题

摘要首先从库仑定律出发导出了地层介质塑性流动条件。其结果类似于一般塑性力学中的Tresca,Mises条件。其次列出了轴对称地层塑性流动的微分方程组,并推出了其简化近似方程。最后提出了简化方程的特征线解法,并举例说明。     

流变力学原理在黄土滑坡研究中的应用

通过对黄土滑坡演变过程的分析、滑带土体流变性质及演变过程的讨论,论述了流变力学原理在黄土滑坡研究中应用的可行性,并探讨了流变力学在黄土滑坡研究应用中存在的问题,与同行商榷.     

Joint Strength with Soldering of Al2O3 Ceramics After Ni-P Chemical Plating

Ni-P alloy was chemically plated on Al2O3 ceramics to produce uniform alloy coatings at temperatures below 70~C. Cu metal was electroplated onto the Ni-P coating to facilitate the soldering and shorten the chemical plating time. Then, the electroplated ceramic specimens were soldered with 60 wt.% Sn-40 wt.% Pb solder in active colophony. The highest shear strength was acquired after the heat treatment at 170℃ for 15 min. The joint fractures mostly propagated along the interface between the ceramics and the Ni-P coating, with some fracture in both the ceramics and the Ni-P coating near the interface and some along the interface between the Cu and Ni-P coatings. The results show that ceramic surface roughness and the chemical plating parameters influence the coating quality, and that suitable heat treatment before the soldering also improves the adhesion between the ceramics and Ni-P coatings, thus strengthening the joints.     

平庄局元宝山露天矿基岩疏干方案研究

分析了元宝山露天煤矿水文地质特征与基岩抽水试验情况，提出了元宝山露天矿基岩疏干设计方案，通过该方案的实施，解决了元宝山露天煤矿在剥离工作中出现陷车、陷镐、粘车、粘皮带这一难题，使剥离速度大大加快，缓解了采剥失调、生产接续紧张局面。不仅创造了可观的直接效益，而且间接效益更大，同时为今后的基岩疏干提供了宝贵经验。     

闸河区周边重合断裂方位分布特征及其导水趋势分析

本文应用了遥感这一先进工具,在地壳表层现实资料及地球遥感影象特征基础上,发展了遥感地质灾害方面研究新理论——重合断裂方位破裂理论,来为防治水害直接提供导水断裂趋势分布特征.     

国际发展趋势下实验力学的未来作用

考察了分析结构、结构构件以及技术系统中的位移、应变与应力的测量和实验方法在目前和未来的作用。现在,比以往任何时候都更有理由和有更广阔的领域需要用到实验力学方法;许多先进、现代化技术,新型测量设备,测量和赋值过程自动化系统可供使用;以先进的测量技术和计算机技术相结合而形成的各种杂交法已被提出来。利用这些方法,可以优化结构和产品,节约能源和原材料,提高产品质量,增强结构、技术系统的可靠、安全性,控制生产过程以及监督操作系统的安全性;利用这些方法,能够并且应当使技术系统可能发生的危险以及对环境的毁损降至最低程度。